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Title: - Physical Activity, Hypocaloric Drink for Preventing Stroke
Author: - Mahantayya V. Math & Prof. P. Balasubramanium,
Dept. of Physiology,
MGM Medical College,
Kamothe, Navi Mumbai
Dr. Batty and Dr. Lee have suggested that physical activity is
effective in preventing stroke (1). The ischaemic stroke (the commonest
type) and ischaemic heart disease share similar pathophysiological traits
(1). Older age, family history of thrombotic stroke, diabetes mellitus,
hypertension, tobacco, smoking, elevated cholesterol levels are risk
factors for ischaemic stroke (1, 2). Homocysteine is also a modifiable
risk factor for stroke. Smoking and nutritional deficiencies influence
plasma homocysteine levels. A decrease in serum concentration of both
total cholesterol and the low density lipoprotein cholesterol has been
noted in both men and women with increased frequency of eating. (3).
Increase in potassium intake in the form of fresh fruit and vegetables is
associated with a decrease in the risk of stroke and stroke related
mortality(4).
Cerebral blood flow increases during exercise by approximately 25.30%
compaired with the resting blood flow (5). Vasoactive intestinal peptide
(VIP) may be an important hormone which can cause an increase in blood
flow to brain (6). Presence of fat in the small intestine causes the
release of VIP. Intake of warm appetising nutrient drinks (hypocaloric
and hypo-osmolar in the form of vegetable soup) may help in the release of
VIP and reduction in the release of antidiueretic hormone (ADH). Physical
activity in the form of recreational activities, increase frequency of
eating and consumption of hypocaloric nutrient drinks an increase in daily
water intake at regular intervals may be of more help in the reduction of
stroke in the middle and late years of life.
Reference: -
1. Batty G.D. Lee I-M, Physical activity for preventing stroke., BMJ,
2002; 325: 350-351.
2. Smith W.S., Hauser H.L., Donald Easton H.J., Cerebrovascular diseases
in Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, eds.
Harrison’s Principle of Internal Medicine Chapter 361 Vol.2, 15th Ed,
McGraw Hill Medical Publishing Division. New York, (USA) 2001, 2369-2391
3. Titan SMO, Bingham S., Welch A, Luben R., Oakes S., Day N., Khaw K-T,
Frequency of eating and concentrations of serum cholesterol in the Norfolk
population of the European Prospective Investigation into cancer. (EPIC-
Norfolk) cross sectional study, BMJ, 2001; 323:1286-90
4. He F.J., MacGregor GA. Beneficial effects of potassium, BMJ 2001; 323:
497-501
5. McArdle W.D., Katch F.I., Katch V.L., Chapter 17, Functional Capacity
of the cardiovascular system in : Exercise Physiology, Energy, Nutrition
and Human Performance 5th Edition. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins,
Philadelphia (USA) 2001; 345-357.
6. Fitzgerald MJT, Chapter 5, Blood supply of the brain in Neuroanatomy
Basic and Clinical, 3rd Edition, W.B.Saunders Co. Ltd. London (UK) 1998 –
42-50.
Physical Activity, Hypocaloric Drink for Preventing Stroke
Title: - Physical Activity, Hypocaloric Drink for Preventing Stroke
Author: - Mahantayya V. Math & Prof. P. Balasubramanium,
Dept. of Physiology,
MGM Medical College,
Kamothe, Navi Mumbai
Dr. Batty and Dr. Lee have suggested that physical activity is
effective in preventing stroke (1). The ischaemic stroke (the commonest
type) and ischaemic heart disease share similar pathophysiological traits
(1). Older age, family history of thrombotic stroke, diabetes mellitus,
hypertension, tobacco, smoking, elevated cholesterol levels are risk
factors for ischaemic stroke (1, 2). Homocysteine is also a modifiable
risk factor for stroke. Smoking and nutritional deficiencies influence
plasma homocysteine levels. A decrease in serum concentration of both
total cholesterol and the low density lipoprotein cholesterol has been
noted in both men and women with increased frequency of eating. (3).
Increase in potassium intake in the form of fresh fruit and vegetables is
associated with a decrease in the risk of stroke and stroke related
mortality(4).
Cerebral blood flow increases during exercise by approximately 25.30%
compaired with the resting blood flow (5). Vasoactive intestinal peptide
(VIP) may be an important hormone which can cause an increase in blood
flow to brain (6). Presence of fat in the small intestine causes the
release of VIP. Intake of warm appetising nutrient drinks (hypocaloric
and hypo-osmolar in the form of vegetable soup) may help in the release of
VIP and reduction in the release of antidiueretic hormone (ADH). Physical
activity in the form of recreational activities, increase frequency of
eating and consumption of hypocaloric nutrient drinks an increase in daily
water intake at regular intervals may be of more help in the reduction of
stroke in the middle and late years of life.
Reference: -
1. Batty G.D. Lee I-M, Physical activity for preventing stroke., BMJ,
2002; 325: 350-351.
2. Smith W.S., Hauser H.L., Donald Easton H.J., Cerebrovascular diseases
in Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, eds.
Harrison’s Principle of Internal Medicine Chapter 361 Vol.2, 15th Ed,
McGraw Hill Medical Publishing Division. New York, (USA) 2001, 2369-2391
3. Titan SMO, Bingham S., Welch A, Luben R., Oakes S., Day N., Khaw K-T,
Frequency of eating and concentrations of serum cholesterol in the Norfolk
population of the European Prospective Investigation into cancer. (EPIC-
Norfolk) cross sectional study, BMJ, 2001; 323:1286-90
4. He F.J., MacGregor GA. Beneficial effects of potassium, BMJ 2001; 323:
497-501
5. McArdle W.D., Katch F.I., Katch V.L., Chapter 17, Functional Capacity
of the cardiovascular system in : Exercise Physiology, Energy, Nutrition
and Human Performance 5th Edition. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins,
Philadelphia (USA) 2001; 345-357.
6. Fitzgerald MJT, Chapter 5, Blood supply of the brain in Neuroanatomy
Basic and Clinical, 3rd Edition, W.B.Saunders Co. Ltd. London (UK) 1998 –
42-50.
We have no competing interests.
Competing interests: No competing interests